What role do intervertebral discs play in the spine?

Intervertebral discs play a crucial role in the spine by acting as shock absorbers and providing flexibility. These discs are composed of a tough outer layer called the annulus fibrosus and a gel-like center known as the nucleus pulposus. This structure allows the discs to absorb the impact from various activities, such as walking, running, and lifting, protecting the vertebrae and the spinal column from injury caused by sudden movements or weight.

In addition to cushioning, the design of intervertebral discs enables a range of motion between the vertebrae, contributing to the overall flexibility of the spine. This flexibility is essential for daily activities and athletic performance, as it allows for bending, twisting, and turning without causing damage to the surrounding structures. Thus, the primary functions of shock absorption and facilitating movement highlight the significance of intervertebral discs in maintaining spinal health and function.